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- What is PMS?
- Symptoms of PMS
- Causes of PMS
- Prevention of PMS
- Risk factors for PMS
- Complications of PMS
- When to see a doctor about PMS
- Diagnosis of PMS
- Conventional treatment of PMS
- Alternative/complementary treatment of PMS
- Living with PMS
- Caring for someone with PMS
Symptoms of pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS)
There are over 150 different symptoms that have been identified as being associated with PMS.
The symptoms of PMS can be divided into five sub-groups (and while most women generally have symptoms of 1-2 groups, some women experience all the symptoms from all groups):
- PMS-A: this group of symptoms is characterised by anxiety
(which may be due to a higher than normal ratio of eostrogen to progesterone)
- Nervous tension - anxiety, crying, irritability, mood swings, nervous tension
- PMS-C: this group of symptoms is characterised by cravings
(which could be due to an exaggerated response of insulin to carbohydrates
and a probable magnesium deficiency too)
- Cravings - cravings for sweets, dizziness, fainting, fatigue, headache, increased appetite, palpitations, pounding heart
- PMS-D: this group of symptoms is characterised by depression
(which may be due to a lower than normal ratio of eostrogen to progesterone)
- Depression - "brain fog", confusion, crying, depression, excessive sleep, forgetfulness, insomnia, lowered libido
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- PMS-H: this group of symptoms is characterised by hyper-hydration, an excess of fluid in various parts of the body
(and this is due to an increased retention of sodium in the body)
- Fluid retention - abdominal bloating, swelling of legs, arms, fluid retention, breast swelling and tenderness, weight gain (more than 1.4kg)
- PMS-P: this group of symptoms is characterised by pain
in certain parts of the body
- cramps - pain or cramping in the lower back, lower abdominal, leg and any other body part
- reduced pain threshold - this is very noticeable during PMS
Interestingly, PMS symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of hypothyroidism.
In addition to this, studies have also shown that PMS symptoms also correlate to the effects of prolactin when it is injected into a healthy woman who does not experience PMS. This suggests that some women may be highly sensitive to their own prolactin levels or have higher than normal levels of prolactin in their blood.
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