| Xanthine oxidase | |||||
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Xanthine oxidase is an enzyme protein which oxidises xanthine to uric acid and of many aldehydes to acids.
Xanthine oxidase is a complicated protein enzyme which contains flavins, molybdenum, iron and sulfide cofactors.
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Important xanthine oxidase facts
- Xanthine oxidase (XO) is involved in free radical production, especially in people with diabetes type 1
- Xanthine oxidase is normally found only in the liver
- Xanthine oxidase is a unimolecular, multicomponent electron transport systm
- Xanthine oxidase is a a superoxide-generating enzyme
- Bovine (cow) milk contains xanthine oxidase
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Why xanthine oxidase is important
Xanthine oxidase is implicated in free radical damage due to its activty in the body and should be prevented.
Last reviewed: 21 August 2007 || Last updated: 14 March 2010
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references
- Amudha G, Josephine A, Sudhahar V, Varalakshmi P. Protective effect of lipoic acid on oxidative and peroxidative damage in cyclosporine A-induced renal toxicity. Int Immunopharmacol. 2007 Nov;7(11):1442-9. Epub 2007 Jul 17
- Baker JE, Su J, Fu X, Hsu A, Gross GJ, Tweddell JS, Hogg N. Nitrite confers protection against myocardial infarction: Role of xanthine oxidoreductase, NADPH oxidase and K(ATP) channels. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2007 Oct;43(4):437-444. Epub 2007 Jul 31
- Protti A, Singer M. Oxidative stress and critical illness. Minerva Anestesiol. 2007 May;73(5):255-7, accessed 30 Sep 07
- Taibi G, Nicotra CM. Xanthine oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of retinol. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2007 Aug;22(4):471-6
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Disclaimer: This guide is not intended to be used for diagnostic or prescriptive purposes. For any treatment or diagnosis of illness, please see your doctor.
